How wars are undermining climate promises even as accelerating global warming

By N.S. Venkataraman*   

Since 1995, global climate conferences have convened annually, with the 29th Conference of Parties (COP29) held in November 2024. These gatherings attract world leaders and generate extensive media coverage, raising hopes of decisive strategies to address the climate emergency. Yet, despite lofty promises and ambitious targets, the crisis remains unabated.  

Each COP has become a stage for “ready-made speeches” filled with pledges to cut fossil fuel use and reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, sulphur dioxide, and nitrous oxide. Animated debates focus on funding commitments from developed nations to developing ones. But meteorological agencies continue to report rising global temperatures, accelerating Arctic ice melt, erratic monsoons, and worsening ecological disruptions.  

Even as leaders speak eloquently of climate responsibility, many simultaneously indulge in wars that devastate the environment. The conflicts between Russia and Ukraine, Israel and Iran, Israel and Lebanon, Afghanistan and Pakistan, and other skirmishes unleash drones, missiles, and explosives that pollute air, soil, and water, destroy ecosystems, and release massive carbon emissions. The environmental fallout of war extends far beyond the battlefields, affecting citizens worldwide who have no role in these decisions.  

Scientists are striving to develop eco-friendly technologies—electric vehicles, hydrogen processes, solar and wind energy—but their progress is undermined by the destructive indulgence of war. The contradiction is stark: while technologists work to mitigate climate change, warlords undo their efforts, rendering COP proceedings hollow exercises.  

Meanwhile, fossil fuel production continues unabated. Nations such as China, India, Australia, and Indonesia expand coal use, while oil- and gas-rich countries resist curbing extraction. Methane emissions, among the most potent drivers of global warming, show no signs of decline.  

The fundamental issue is the lack of genuine commitment from governments. Loud talk and tall claims cannot substitute for responsible action. Without peace, climate protection is impossible. As long as wars rage unchecked, the hope of resolving the climate crisis remains a mirage.  

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*Trustee, Nandini Voice for the Deprived, Chennai