Skip to main content

Is IMF shaping Odisha's 'development'? Odia asmita under Hindutva politics

By Bhabani Shankar Nayak 
‘Odia 'Asmita' (pride or self-respect) played a significant role in turning the electoral tide in favour of the BJP in the state. Hindutva politics successfully mobilised the masses and captured both the state and its government by leveraging Odia 'Asmita' as a key tool in their election campaign during the last state assembly elections on June 4, 2024.
This led to the formation of the 17th Assembly in the state. Different forms of 'othering' strategies are central to Hindutva politics during and after elections. Under the banner of Odia 'Asmita' (pride), Hindutva leadership successfully consolidated Odia voters against a civil servant-turned-politician who was merely following instructions from Mr. Naveen Patnaik, the President of the Biju Janata Dal (BJD).
During the election campaign, no one explicitly defined 'Odia Asmita.' However, for the first time, the Deputy Chief Minister of Odisha, Mr. Kanak Vardhan Singh Deo, articulated its meaning while addressing the Sambad CEO Conclave-2024 in Bhubaneswar on June 14, 2024. He defined 'Odia Asmita' as 'Odias taking control of their own destiny through their elected representatives by taking the decision-making process of the government into their hands. It also means Odisha making environmentally sustainable decisions for its own future.' Mr. Singh Deo further emphasized, 'No outside forces shall be allowed to exploit our forests and natural resources. While my government is committed to its ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) goals, I expect industries to adhere to their ESG commitments as well.' 
Mr. Singh Deo did not clarify or define who qualifies as an outsider and who as an insider. For instance, is a civil servant working for the state under the rules and regulations of the governments of Odisha and India considered an outsider? Is a person married into Odia family deemed an outsider? Who, then, is an outsider? Such ambiguity reflects a form of "politics of othering," which lies at the core of Hindutva politics.
At first glance, Mr. Singh Deo’s conceptualization of 'Odia Asmita' appears unproblematic. However, a closer examination of his statement reveals a disregard for the history of 'Odia Asmita' and the struggles of the Odia people. From fighting to establish Odia as an independent language to demanding the creation of Odisha as a state based on linguistic identity, this history is deeply rooted in the assertion of Odia pride and autonomy that Mr Singh Deo and his Hindutva politics undermines.
Mr. Singh Deo’s statement seems to imply that Odias began taking control of democracy, decision-making processes, and governance for the first time only after the BJP came to power in the state. This narrative overlooks the relentless efforts of Odia people, who have long fought to safeguard their environment and natural resources from corporate exploitation.
Contrary to the ideals of 'Odia Asmita,' the newly formed BJP government has been leasing mines to corporations whose interests fundamentally oppose those of the state and its people. Moreover, the BJP government has awarded major construction projects in the state to private companies with questionable records. In this context, 'Odia Asmita' appears to have been used merely as an electoral strategy to advance Hindutva politics in Odisha. So far, the BJP government has done nothing to meaningfully promote and deepen 'Odia Asmita' either within or beyond the state.
The BJP government in Odisha follows in the footsteps of the previous BJD government. The Fiscal Strategy Report (2023-24) and (2024-25), which provide the framework for Odisha’s budget, are not primarily shaped by the policies and politics of either the former BJD government or the current BJP government. Instead, they are influenced by the IMF’s South Asia Regional Training and Technical Assistance Center (SARTTAC). According to the Department of Finance, Government of Odisha, this institution has developed a Medium-Term Fiscal Framework (MTFF) to support annual budget formulation and medium-term fiscal planning. The Department of Finance, Government of Odisha further states that “the objective of developing the MTFF is to use it as a reference for the preparation of the annual budget and fiscal planning over the subsequent two years.” This underscores the external influence on fiscal policymaking in Odisha, potentially limiting the role of state governments in independently shaping the state’s financial direction.
The budget is not merely an economic statement; it embodies a vision for economic growth, development, and planning, shaping the state's future, its people, and their developmental destiny. More importantly, it is a political declaration aimed at the economic empowerment of the people. However, both the previous BJD government and the current BJP government have undermined 'Odia Asmita' by outsourcing this fundamental responsibility to the IMF and its South Asia team based in New Delhi. This approach reflects the disregard of both governments for the people of Odisha, as if the state lacks the talent and expertise necessary to formulate its own budget. When a government outsources such a critical duty, it essentially functions as an "outsourcing government," serving the interests of its masters in Washington, D.C., rather than the people of the state. Far from strengthening 'Odia Asmita,' Hindutva politics, practice and ethos of governance diminishes it, eroding the state and government’s autonomy and pride.
Hindutva politics further undermines the inclusive and internationalist character of 'Odia Asmita,' which is a collective celebration deeply rooted in the historical foundation of "Odisha for all." Odias revere their deity as 'Lord Jagannath' (Jagatnatha, or Lord of the Universe), reflecting a profound sense of internationalism that defines 'Odia Asmita.' This universal outlook offers a far greater and more inclusive vision of identity than the parochial politics of "othering" promoted by Hindutva and its visionless leadership in the state.
'Odia Asmita' is a collective celebration of belonging, an ethos that unites the people of Odisha. It is imperative for the people of Odisha to reclaim their 'Asmita' from all reactionary forces that seek to undermine their inclusive state and peaceful society.

Comments

TRENDING

Sergei Vasilyevich Gerasimov, the artist who survived Stalin's cultural purges

By Harsh Thakor*  Sergei Vasilyevich Gerasimov (September 14, 1885 – April 20, 1964) was a Soviet artist, professor, academician, and teacher. His work was posthumously awarded the Lenin Prize, the highest artistic honour of the USSR. His paintings traced the development of socialist realism in the visual arts while retaining qualities drawn from impressionism. Gerasimov reconciled a lyrical approach to nature with the demands of Soviet socialist ideology.

Nepal votes amid regional rivalry: Why New Delhi is watching closely

By Nava Thakuria*  As Nepal holds an early national election on Thursday (5 March 2026), the people of northeast India, along with other regional observers, are watching the proceedings closely. The vote was necessitated after the government of Prime Minister Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli collapsed in September 2025 following widespread anti-government protests. The election will determine the composition of the 275-member House of Representatives, originally scheduled for 2027, under the stewardship of an interim government led by former Supreme Court justice Sushila Karki.

From plagiarism to proxy exams: Galgotias and systemic failure in education

By Sandeep Pandey*   Shock is being expressed at Galgotias University being found presenting a Chinese-made robotic dog and a South Korean-made soccer-playing drone as its own creations at the recently held India AI Impact Summit 2026, a global event in New Delhi. Earlier, a UGC-listed journal had published a paper from the university titled “Corona Virus Killed by Sound Vibrations Produced by Thali or Ghanti: A Potential Hypothesis,” which became the subject of widespread ridicule. Following the robotic dog controversy coming to light, the university has withdrawn the paper. These incidents are symptoms of deeper problems afflicting the Indian education system in general. Galgotias merely bit off more than it could chew.

'Policy long overdue': Coalition of 29 experts tells JP Nadda to act on SC warning label order

By A Representative   In a significant development for public health, the Supreme Court of India has directed the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) to seriously consider implementing mandatory front-of-pack warning labels on pre-packaged food products. The order, passed by a bench of Justices J.B. Pardiwala and K.V. Viswanathan on February 10, 2026, comes as the Court expressed dissatisfaction with the regulatory body's progress on the issue.

From non-alignment to strategic partnership: India's ideological shift toward Israel

By Bhabani Shankar Nayak*  India's historical foreign policy maintained a notable duality: offering sanctuary to persecuted Jewish communities dating back centuries, while simultaneously supporting Palestinian self-determination as an expression of its broader anti-colonial foreign policy commitments. The gradual shift in Indian foreign policy under Hindutva-aligned governance — moving toward a strategic partnership with Israel while reducing substantive engagement with the Palestinian cause — raises legitimate questions about ideological motivation and geopolitical consequence.

Development vs community: New coal politics and old conflicts in Madhya Pradesh

By Deepmala Patel*  The Singrauli region of Madhya Pradesh, often described as “India’s energy capital,” has for decades been a hub of coal mining and thermal power generation. Today, the Dhirouli coal mine project in this district has triggered widespread protests among local communities. In recent years, the project has generated intense controversy, public opposition, and significant legal and social questions. This is not merely a dispute over one mine; it raises a larger question—who pays the price for energy development? Large corporate beneficiaries or the survival of local communities?

Indian ecologist urges United Nations to probe alleged Epstein links within UN ranks

By A Representative   A senior Indian ecologist and long-time United Nations environmental negotiator, Dr. S. Faizi of Thiruvananthapuram, has written to António Guterres, urging the United Nations to launch a high-level investigation into alleged links between certain current and former UN officials and the late American financier Jeffrey Epstein, following disclosures of email communications by the U.S. Department of Justice.

Vaccination vs screening: Policy questions raised on cervical cancer strategy

By A Representative   A public policy expert has written to Union Health Minister J. P. Nadda raising a series of concerns regarding the national Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination campaign launched on February 28 for 14-year-old girls.

Zinaida Portnova: The teenage partisan of the Soviet resistance

By Harsh Thakor*  February 20 marked the birth centenary of Zinaida Portnova, one of the youngest recipients of the Soviet Union’s highest wartime honour. Remembered for her role in the anti-Nazi underground in occupied Belarus during the Second World War, Portnova became a symbol of youth participation in the Soviet resistance.