Skip to main content

'Social parasites': Amazon, Google, Facebook benefit disproportionately from digital economy

By Bhabani Shankar Nayak* 

Social parasites are capable individuals who live off the values, products, services, donations, and sacrifices resulting from the labour of others. These individuals are like priestly class who remain in their comfort zones, refraining from engaging in any meaningful work, and they consider this parasitic lifestyle as normal and natural. Such social parasites neither contribute to the meaningful growth of their own lives nor to the well-being of their families, societies, or states in any significant way. 
They often serve as the foundations for reactionary social, political, economic, cultural, and religious trends within society. These parasites produce reactionary politics and lumpens based on their reactionary ideals based on dependency for survival.
Social parasites exhibit a concerning pattern of behaviours where they exploit the efforts and resources of others while offering little to no meaningful input themselves. Their ability to thrive without meaningful contribution creates a cycle of dependency and complacency. 
These individuals often rationalise their lifestyle, seeing it as an acceptable norm rather than recognising it as a detrimental social issue. Their lack of contribution extends beyond personal growth to impact broader societal structures. 
By not participating actively in the economy or community development, they place additional burdens on those who are socially productive. Families often bear the weight of supporting these individuals, which can lead to strained relationships and reduced quality of life for those who are working hard to provide.
Social parasites are escapists who outsource their predicaments to the very individuals or institutions that sustain their lazy and parasitic lifestyles. Social parasites, by outsourcing their responsibilities and challenges, create a dependency loop that not only affects their personal development but also places undue strain on those who support them. 
These escapists avoid facing the difficulties and realities of life, preferring instead to rely on the efforts and resources of others. This behaviour erodes their own potential for growth and self-improvement, leaving them stagnant and unfulfilled. For the individuals supporting social parasites, the impact can be significant. Family members, friends, or institutions that provide for these individuals often experience increased stress and financial burden. 
The constant need to support someone who contributes little in return can lead to resentment and strained relationships. Over time, this dynamic can erode the quality of life for those who are productive and responsible, as they are forced to allocate resources and energy to sustain the parasites. The consequences of the growth of social parasites are far-reaching for both individuals and societies.
On a societal level, social parasites can perpetuate and reinforce reactionary trends. Their detachment from meaningful work and community involvement often aligns them with conservative or regressive movements that resist progress and change. 
This alignment can manifest in various ways, including supporting political ideologies that favour maintaining the status quo or opposing reforms that could benefit the greater good. The proliferation of social parasites can lead to broader economic and social issues. When a sizable portion of the population opts out of contributing meaningfully to their lives and society, it reduces overall meaningful contributions. 
This can stifle economic growth and limit opportunities for advancement and prosperity. Additionally, the presence of social parasites can exacerbate social inequality, as resources are diverted to support those who do not contribute, widening the gap between the meaningful engagement and socially unproductive segments of society.
Economically, their lack of participation stifles innovation and growth. When a significant portion of the population opts out of contributing meaningfully, it hinders the potential for collective advancement. This economic stagnation can lead to increased inequality and social unrest, as the gap between contributors and non-contributors widens. 
Moreover, the reliance of social parasites on external support systems can drain resources. Social welfare programs and charitable organisations that are designed to help those in genuine need can become overwhelmed by individuals who exploit these systems without making any effort to improve their circumstances. This misuse of resources can detract from the support available to those who truly need it, diminishing the overall effectiveness of social safety nets.
Culturally and religiously, social parasites can become bastions of traditionalism as a safe heaven for survival, resisting cultural evolution, and clinging to outdated practices. Their influence can slow the progression of societal values, making it difficult for communities to adapt to changing times and embrace more inclusive, progressive ideals. 
By not participating actively in the economy or community development, they place additional burdens on those who are socially productive
Social parasites often embody and perpetuate a culture of complacency and entitlement, which can undermine the values of meaningful work, responsibility, and mutual support that are essential for a healthy, functioning society. This culture can spread, influencing others to adopt similar attitudes and behaviours, further entrenching the problem.
The advent of the digital revolution has reshaped the very fabric of capitalism, speeding up its processes and expanding its reach. At the heart of this transformation are the so-called techno-feudals, the powerful entities that dominate the rent seeking platform economy. 
 The dominant platform companies like Amazon, Google, and Facebook have become modern-day landlords, controlling vast digital territories, and extracting profit from the activities within their unproductive domains, where producers, consumers, and sellers alike are exploited. These techno-feudals have created ecosystems that promote a culture of relentless growth and consumption. In this environment, the concept of social parasitism emerges, where certain entities thrive at the expense of broader societal well-being. 
These social parasites can be seen as those who benefit disproportionately from the digital economy while contributing little to the common good. This includes not only the platform owners themselves but also the practices that encourage the exploitation of gig workers, the erosion of privacy, and the manipulation of consumer behaviours.
The normalisation of these practices is facilitated by the pervasive influence of digital platforms. They shape our perceptions, behaviours, and even our social structures, making it increasingly difficult to imagine alternatives to the current system. 
As a result, the digital revolution not only accelerates capitalist culture but also entrenches the power of those who control the platforms, creating a new form of digital feudalism. The digital revolution has turbocharged the culture of capitalism by empowering techno-feudals within the platform economy, who normalise and perpetuate a growth culture that resembles social parasitism. 
This shift has profound implications for society, requiring critical examination and potential reimagining of how digital technologies and economic systems intersect and evolve a culture of social parasites.
In this way, social parasites are capable individuals who, by living off the labour of others and avoiding meaningful work, hinder the growth and development of themselves and their communities. Their lifestyle not only burdens families and societies but also supports reactionary trends that resist necessary progress in various aspects of life. 
Subsequently, social parasites are escapists who outsource their challenges to those who sustain their lifestyles, resulting in personal stagnation and widespread societal consequences. The growth of social parasites imposes significant burdens on individuals, families, and institutions, while also hindering meaningful contributions and fostering a culture of entitlement detrimental to progress, peace, and prosperity.
Capitalism and its culture breed all forms of social parasitism and normalise lumpen culture. Social parasitism was criminalised in Soviet Russia to ensure the growth of meaningful and honest work. However, criminalisation is not a solution. Social parasitism can only end with the growth of socially meaningful individual consciousness, where individuals develop a need and desire to engage in socially meaningful life and activities.
---
*London Metropolitan University

Comments

TRENDING

The soundtrack of resistance: How 'Sada Sada Ya Nabi' is fueling the Iran war

​ By Syed Ali Mujtaba*  ​The Persian track “ Sada Sada Ya Nabi ye ” by Hossein Sotoodeh has taken the world by storm. This viral media has cut across linguistic barriers to achieve cult status, reaching over 10 million views. The electrifying music and passionate rendition by the Iranian singer have resonated across the globe, particularly as the high-intensity military conflict involving Iran entered its second month in March 2026.

Kolkata dialogue flags policy and finance deficit in wetland sustainability

By A Representative   Wetlands were the focus of India–Germany climate talks in Kolkata, where experts from government, business, and civil society stressed both their ecological importance and the urgent need for stronger conservation frameworks. 

Beyond Lata: How Asha Bhosle redefined the female voice with her underrated versatility

By Vidya Bhushan Rawat*  The news of iconic Asha Bhosle’s ‘untimely’ demise has shocked music lovers across the country. Asha Tai was 92 years young. Normally, people celebrate a passing at this age, but Asha Bhosle—much like another legend, Dev Anand—never made us feel she was growing old. She was perhaps the most versatile artist in Bombay cinema. Hailing from a family devoted to music, Asha’s journey to success and fame was not easy. Her elder sister, Lata Mangeshkar, had already become the voice of women in cinema, and most contemporaries like Shamshad Begum, Suraiya, and Noor Jehan had slowly faded into oblivion. Frankly, there was no second or third to Lata Mangeshkar; she became the first—and perhaps the only—choice for music directors and all those who mattered in filmmaking. Asha started her musical journey at age 10 with a Marathi film, but her first break in Hindustani cinema came with the film "Chunariya" (1948). Though she was not the first choice of ...

Maoist activity in India: Weakening structures, 'shifts' in leadership, strategy and ideology

By Harsh Thakor*  Recent statements by government representatives have suggested that Maoism in India has been effectively eliminated, citing the weakening of central leadership and intensified security operations. These claims follow sustained counterinsurgency efforts across key regions, including central and eastern India. However, available information from security agencies and independent observers indicates that while the organizational structure of the CPI (Maoist) has been significantly disrupted, elements of the movement remain active. Reports acknowledge the continued presence of cadres in certain forested regions such as Bastar and parts of Dandakaranya, alongside smaller, decentralized units adapting their operational strategies.

From Manesar to Noida: Workers take to streets for bread, media looks away

By Sunil Kumar*   Across several states in India, a workers’ movement is gathering momentum. This is not a movement born of luxury or ambition, nor a demand for power-sharing within the state. At its core lies a stark and basic plea: the right to survive with dignity—adequate food, and wages sufficient to afford it.

Midnight weeping: The sociology of tragic vision in Badri Narayan’s poetry

By Ravi Ranjan*  Badri Narayan, a distinguished Hindi poet and social scientist, occupies a unique position in contemporary Indian intellectual life by bridging the worlds of creative literature and critical social inquiry. His poetic journey began significantly with the 1993 collection 'Saca Sune Hue Kaï Dina Hue' (Truth Heard Many Days Ago). As a social historian and cultural anthropologist, Narayan pioneered a methodological shift away from elite archives toward the oral traditions and folk myths of marginalized communities. He eventually legitimized "folk-ethnography" as a rigorous academic discipline during his tenure as Director of the G.B. Pant Social Science Institute.  

Why link women’s reservation to delimitation? The unspoken political calculus

By Vikas Meshram*  April 16, 2026, is likely to be recorded as a special day in the history of Indian democracy. In a three-day special session of Parliament, the central government is set to introduce a comprehensive package of three historic bills: the Constitution (131st Amendment) Bill, 2026; the Delimitation Bill, 2026; and the Union Territories Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2026. The stated purpose of all three is the same: to implement the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam (106th Constitutional Amendment) passed in 2023. However, the political intent concealed behind these measures — and their impact on the federal balance — is far more profound. It is absolutely essential to understand this.

Catholic union opposes FCRA amendments, warns of threat to Church institutions

By A Representative   The All India Catholic Union (AICU) has raised serious concerns over what it describes as growing threats to religious freedom, minority rights, and constitutional safeguards in India, warning that recent policy and legislative trends could undermine the country’s secular and federal framework.

'It's power grab, not reform': Uttarakhand hills fear marginalization under new delimitation

By Vidya Bhushan Rawat*  The proposed delimitation bill, coupled with the women’s reservation bill, is a calculated attempt to divert attention during state elections while laying the groundwork for long-term power consolidation through a north Indian hegemony. India’s constitution-making process was arduous, but it was guided by leaders deeply committed to unity and integrity. They ensured no community felt betrayed, and the foundation of modern India was laid on inclusivity. Any attempt to alter this balance must be approached with caution and respect for that legacy.