Skip to main content

How narratives shape perceptions, lay groundwork for different types of discrimination

By Bhabani Shankar Nayak 
Perceptions continue to play a significant role in shaping personal, political, economic, and cultural debates and discussions in the age of technological revolutions. Evidence-based arguments and evaluations often take a back seat in areas ranging from policy formulation and implementation to the assessment of personal conduct and individual behaviour. The environment based on perception is against the foundations of truth. Perceptions breed different forms of prejudice. Therefore, both ruling and non-ruling elites dedicate significant effort to shaping public perceptions of people, politics, products, services, and ideas. In this exercise of perception management, evidence rooted in human experiences and empirical facts frequently holds limited significance whereas bias takes priority.
Social, political, cultural, economic, and religious perceptions play a central role in creating ‘bias’ and sustaining the concept of "otherness" within society. Biased narratives shaped by these perceptions lay the groundwork for racism, sexism, class divisions, and other forms of discrimination. In various spheres of life, evidence-based analyses, objective evaluations, and rational arguments are often overshadowed by subjective motives, personal interpretations, and emotional appeals.
The ruling, non-ruling classes and corporates not only leverage perceptions but actively manufacture them by dedicating significant time and resources to shaping public opinion. Their strategy focuses on influencing how people perceive individuals, political ideologies, products, services, and broader societal, cultural, and economic narratives. In this process of constructing and manipulating perceptions, empirical evidence and experiential truths are often sidelined. Instead, the emphasis shifts to crafting emotionally resonant narratives or reinforcing preconceived biases, irrespective of factual accuracy. As a result, perception management transcends mere persuasion, becoming a mechanism for controlling discourse and redirecting or diverting public attention from the material realities of their daily lives.
Social and economic parasites, along with cultural and political reactionaries, thrive in environments dominated by perception-based narratives, which provide fertile ground for their parasitic survival. Such environments also serve the interests of feudal, patriarchal, and capitalist classes, enabling them to maintain systems that lack accountability. By cultivating the perception of a successful and efficient system, they employ strategies that perpetuate self-sustaining, unaccountable structures rooted in manipulation, ultimately aiming to delegitimise evidence and objective analysis.
Evidence rooted in everyday reality poses a significant threat to the survival of social, cultural, religious, and economic parasites. Similarly, environments devoid of evidence and accountability create fertile ground for reactionary individuals, families, and groups to sustain their parasitic existence, exploiting the inherent weaknesses of perception-driven systems. Such environments particularly benefit feudal, patriarchal, and capitalist classes, allowing them to perpetuate structures that resist scrutiny, reform, and progressive change. By disseminating the perception of fictitious, successful, and efficient systems, they effectively shield themselves from accountability. This carefully constructed illusion serves as a strategic tool, enabling these ruling and corporate classes to maintain self-sustaining, unaccountable systems that thrive on manipulation and misrepresentation.
The strategy of delegitimising evidence and reasoned critique serves as a powerful tool for these actors. By misrepresenting and undermining the credibility of facts and empirical evaluations, they entrench their manipulative survival while neutralising challenges to their existence. In this context, perception becomes not merely a means of control but a weapon against truth, systematically eroding the foundation for equitable society and transparent governance. This approach perpetuates environments that protect social parasites, obstructing the creation of a society free from such exploitative influences.
Perception often creates a fictitious image of oneself and others. While it may serve as a strategy for immediate success, in the long run, it promotes self-deception and leads to defeatist individuals and societies. In contrast, an evidence-based culture promotes the development of a scientifically minded society and individuals guided by reason and critical thinking, rooted in reflections on the realities of everyday life, with its joys and challenges.

Comments

TRENDING

Grueling summer ahead: Cuttack’s alarming health trends and what they mean for Odisha

By Sudhansu R Das  The preparation to face the summer should begin early in Odisha. People in the state endure long, grueling summer months starting from mid-February and extending until the end of October. This prolonged heat adversely affects productivity, causes deaths and diseases, and impacts agriculture, tourism and the unorganized sector. The social, economic and cultural life of the state remains severely disrupted during the peak heat months.

Stronger India–Russia partnership highlights a missed energy breakthrough

By N.S. Venkataraman*  The recent visit of Russian President Vladimir Putin to India was widely publicized across several countries and has attracted significant global attention. The warmth with which Mr. Putin was received by Prime Minister Narendra Modi was particularly noted, prompting policy planners worldwide to examine the implications of this cordial relationship for the global economy and political climate. India–Russia relations have stood on a strong foundation for decades and have consistently withstood geopolitical shifts. This is in marked contrast to India’s ties with the United States, which have experienced fluctuations under different U.S. administrations.

From natural farming to fair prices: Young entrepreneurs show a new path

By Bharat Dogra   There have been frequent debates on agro-business companies not showing adequate concern for the livelihoods of small farmers. Farmers’ unions have often protested—generally with good reason—that while they do not receive fair returns despite high risks and hard work, corporate interests that merely process the crops produced by farmers earn disproportionately high profits. Hence, there is a growing demand for alternative models of agro-business development that demonstrate genuine commitment to protecting farmer livelihoods.

The Vande Mataram debate and the politics of manufactured controversy

By Vidya Bhushan Rawat*  The recent Vande Mataram debate in Parliament was never meant to foster genuine dialogue. Each political party spoke past the other, addressing its own constituency, ensuring that clips went viral rather than contributing to meaningful deliberation. The objective was clear: to construct a Hindutva narrative ahead of the Bengal elections. Predictably, the Lok Sabha will likely expunge the opposition’s “controversial” remarks while retaining blatant inaccuracies voiced by ministers and ruling-party members. The BJP has mastered the art of inserting distortions into parliamentary records to provide them with a veneer of historical legitimacy.

A comrade in culture and controversy: Yao Wenyuan’s revolutionary legacy

By Harsh Thakor*  This year marks two important anniversaries in Chinese revolutionary history—the 20th death anniversary of Yao Wenyuan, and the 50th anniversary of his seminal essay "On the Social Basis of the Lin Biao Anti-Party Clique". These milestones invite reflection on the man whose pen ignited the first sparks of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution and whose sharp ideological interventions left an indelible imprint on the political and cultural landscape of socialist China.

The cost of being Indian: How inequality and market logic redefine rights

By Vikas Gupta   We, the people of India, are engaged in a daily tryst—read: struggle—for basic human rights. For the seemingly well-to-do, the wish list includes constant water supply, clean air, safe roads, punctual public transportation, and crime-free neighbourhoods. For those further down the ladder, the struggle is starker: food that fills the stomach, water that doesn’t sicken, medicines that don’t kill, houses that don’t flood, habitats at safe distances from polluted streams or garbage piles, and exploitation-free environments in the public institutions they are compelled to navigate.

Why India must urgently strengthen its policies for an ageing population

By Bharat Dogra   A quiet but far-reaching demographic transformation is reshaping much of the world. As life expectancy rises and birth rates fall, societies are witnessing a rapid increase in the proportion of older people. This shift has profound implications for public policy, and the need to strengthen frameworks for healthy and secure ageing has never been more urgent. India is among the countries where these pressures will intensify most sharply in the coming decades.

Thota Sitaramaiah: An internal pillar of an underground organisation

By Harsh Thakor*  Thota Sitaramaiah was regarded within his circles as an example of the many individuals whose work in various underground movements remained largely unknown to the wider public. While some leaders become visible through organisational roles or media attention, many others contribute quietly, without public recognition. Sitaramaiah was considered one such figure. He passed away on December 8, 2025, at the age of 65.

Proposals for Babri Masjid, Ram Temple spark fears of polarisation before West Bengal polls

By A Representative   A political debate has emerged in West Bengal following recent announcements about plans for new religious structures in Murshidabad district, including a proposed mosque to be named Babri Masjid and a separate announcement by a BJP leader regarding the construction of a Ram temple in another location within Behrampur.