Alok Dhanwa stands as a towering figure in contemporary Hindi poetry, renowned for blending revolutionary fervor with delicate sensory imagery. Emerging in the 1970s with fiery works like Janata Ka Aadmi, Goli Dago Poster, and Bruno ki Betiyan, his sole collection, Duniya Roz Banati Hai (1998), marks a pinnacle of social consciousness fused with aesthetic beauty. In this volume, Dhanwa transcends political rhetoric to capture the "inner music" of human existence, celebrating the resilience of ordinary people and the daily renewal of hope amid historical struggles and industrial alienation. His poem ‘Patang’ (Kite) exemplifies this fusion, serving as an allegorical narrative of human consciousness evolving with seasonal change. Through vivid metaphors of flight, childhood, and light, Dhanwa suggests that the quest for a better world is both a political imperative and a poetic essence.
"The fastest showers have gone, Bhadon has passed
Morning has come
A red morning like the eyes of a rabbit
Autumn has arrived crossing the bridges
Riding his new shiny bicycle very fast
Ringing the bell loudly again and again
Calling with bright gestures
The crowd of children who fly kites
Calling with bright gestures and
Making the sky so soft
That a kite can rise upward—
The lightest and most colorful thing in the world can fly
The thinnest paper in the world can fly—
The thinnest strip of bamboo can fly—
So that a world so delicate can begin
Of whistles, shrieks, and butterflies
From birth they bring cotton with them
The spinning earth comes near their restless feet
When they run heedlessly
Making even the rooftops soft
Beating the directions like a mridang
When they come swinging along
Often with the flexible speed of a branch
Right up to the dangerous edges of the rooftops—
At that moment what saves them from falling
Is only the music of their own thrilled bodies
The throbbing heights of kites hold them merely with the support of a single thread
Along with the kites they too are flying
With the help of their pores
If they ever fall from the dangerous edges of the rooftops
And still survive, then
They come before the golden sun even more fearless
The earth comes spinning even faster
Near their restless feet."
From an aesthetic viewpoint, ‘Patang’ masterfully dissolves craft and sensibility. The arrival of sharad (autumn) is personified as a dynamic entity—a youthful spirit riding a bicycle, crossing bridges, and awakening children with bell rings and gestures. The "red morning like the eyes of a rabbit" evokes tenderness and brightness, harmonizing visual metaphors with emotional depth. The sky's softness symbolizes a mental state primed for imagination's flight, where the kite—crafted from the thinnest paper and bamboo—embodies fragile aspirations soaring high. Kinetic images abound: whistles, shrieks, and butterflies create a magical realism, blending sound and sight. The thread linking child and kite represents subtle support for worldly hopes, dissolving the boundary between doer and deed in a state of supreme absorption.
Sociologically, the poem delves into profound themes of collective joy and resilience. Children, born "bringing cotton with them," symbolize innate tenderness confronting societal hardness. Cotton here is a social emblem of flexibility and endurance, absorbing shocks like a "shock absorber" in urban life's harsh structures. The crowd of children calling with bright gestures signifies solidarity through play, countering modern isolation and competition. Rooftops become shared spaces transcending class and caste, where play fosters participation over rivalry. The "philosophy of risk" is central: dangerous rooftop edges mirror life's perils, and surviving falls breeds fearlessness, akin to social development where failures forge courage. This resilience—termed "social resilience"—enables communities to rebound from crises, with children's energy making even concrete rooftops "soft." The earth's spinning faster near restless feet underscores human dynamism syncing with nature, emphasizing that societal progress rests on youthful vitality.
Philosophically, ‘Patang’ intertwines existentialism and karma-yoga, viewing risk as celebration. The thin bamboo strip symbolizes flexibility—bending without breaking in life's storms—embodying "completeness in smallness." It conveys that minimal resources, paired with resolve, conquer heights. The golden sun represents maturity and enlightenment, a dialectical shift from the red morning's innocence to tempered fearlessness. Drawing from Upanishadic non-duality, the child's flight "with the help of their pores" mirrors Mundaka Upanishad's arrow-target unity, where doer and deed merge in advaita. Falling and rising anew transforms fear into life-affirmation, teaching that struggles are gateways to self-realization. The poem's dialectic of flexibility versus hardness posits that true strength lies in adaptability, not rigidity; restless pursuit draws the universe closer, inverting passive goal-seeking.
Comparisons enrich these perspectives. With Kedarnath Singh's ‘Disha’, both poems center childhood's kite as liberation. In ‘Disha’, a child redirects the Himalaya toward his kite, subverting adult knowledge with spontaneous truth—a minimalist aesthetic of immediacy. Dhanwa's expansive imagery contrasts, humanizing nature dynamically. Sociologically, Singh democratizes knowledge, breaking hierarchies; Dhanwa celebrates child-liberation against urban constraints. Colors in Dhanwa—red for vitality, golden for victory—evoke collective festivity, while Singh's implied hues highlight simplicity. Touch sensations differ: Dhanwa's tangible cotton and soft rooftops reflect laboring resilience; Singh's subtle thread-pull signifies intellectual connection.
Echoing Rigvedic Ushas, Dhanwa's sharad awakens consciousness like the dawn goddess, symbolizing resilience post-darkness. Contrasted with John Keats's ‘To Autumn’, Dhanwa's energetic, extroverted season differs from Keats's mature, introspective harvest—youthful motion versus mellow completion. With Kedarnath Agrawal's labor aesthetics, Dhanwa's dream-flight complements iron's forging; production enables aspiration, dialectically balancing reality and hope.
In modern contradictions, these poems critique urbanization's erosion of shared spaces and tenderness. Digital confinement replaces open skies, mechanized labor dulls creation's fire, and failure stigmatizes rather than empowers. Tulsidas's saintly cotton-like conduct fades in power discourses. Yet, ‘Patang’ resists, urging preservation of inner music and restlessness. As civilization's success hinges on blending iron's permanence with kite's motion, these works call for reclaiming childhood's festival amid adversity.
In conclusion, ‘Patang’ redefines beauty-society interrelations, proving aesthetics lie in efforts rendering humans fearless. Through sociological solidarity, aesthetic vibrancy, and philosophical advaita, Dhanwa's kite soars as eternal hope. Paired with Singh's directional truth and Agrawal's labor ethos, it reminds us: life's meaning unfolds in pores' flight, restless feet drawing the revolving earth nearer.
---
*Professor & Former Head (Retd.), Department of Hindi, University of Hyderabad. This is the abridged version of the author's original article
Comments